Islamic Glossary


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I

Irhabi (إرهابي)

A terrorist.

Iron (حديد)

The Arabic word for Iron (Fe) is 'Hadeed'.

There is a Surah (Chapter) in the Quran called Al-Hadeed.


Isa (عيسى)

Isa is the name of Prophet Jesus (PBUH). Muslims believe Jesus was a Prophet without a father and the son of Mary the virgin (RA).

Almost as Adam had been created without a father or mother, Jesus Christ was born without a father. He was Allah's Word inspired to Mary. Allah gave him Clear Signs and endowed him with the Holy Spirit. He was held in honour both in this world and the Hereafter and in the company of those nearest to Allah. Jesus was strong in spirit, and very wise. Allah bestowed upon him the power to speak eloquently while still an infant in his cradle. Indeed, Jesus's miracles were innumerable. Allah taught him the Wisdom and Book, the Torah and the Gospel. Allah made him His Messenger to the Children of Israel. By Allah's leave, Jesus made the figure of a bird out of clay and breathed into it and it became a bird. He could, by Allah's leave, heal those born blind, lepers and even resurrect the dead. Jesus invited his people to worship Allah, the Only True God and obey Him as He should be obeyed; but they rejected him and rebelled. Only the poor among them followed him. Allah raised Jesus up unto Himself and saved him from those who plotted to crucify him.


Isaac (إسحاق)

Isaac is a Prophet, son of Prophet Abraham (PBUH). He is known as Is-haq in Arabic.

Isha (عشاء)

See Ishaa.

Ishaa (عشاء)

This word means night; It is also the name of an obligatory Prayer that is done at this time - Salat al `ishaa. This prayer consists of four rak`ahs.

Ishaq (إسحاق)

Prophet Isaac (in English) was Abraham's son by his wife Sarah, and the father of Prophet Jacob. The tidings of his birth were given to his parents by the angels who had been sent to destroy the city of the people of Lot. The Holy Qur'an referred to Isaac as "a son endowed with wisdom." Isaac was sent as a Prophet to guide people to the right way.

Islam (إسلام)

(1) A monotheistic religion with the second largest following in the World.
(2) Submission (to the will of God).

The Arabic word 'Islam' simply means 'submission', and derives from a word meaning 'peace'. In a religious context it means complete submission to the will of God. 'Allah' is the Arabic name for God, which is used by Arab Muslims and Christians alike.


Islamic Calendar (التقويم الإسلامي)

The Islamic Calendar is 'Al-Taqweem al-Islami' in Arabic - it is often called the 'Hijri' Calendar because it is started from the 'Hijrah' (migration) of the Muslims from Makkah to Madina to escape persecution. This occurred in the year 620/621AC, so the current year 2008CE is 1429AH. AH means 'after hijrah'.
There are 12 months in the Islamic calendar and the names of these months are:
  1. Muharram
  2. Safar
  3. Rabi` al-Awal
  4. Rabi` al-Thani
  5. Jumadal-awal
  6. Jumadal-thani
  7. Rajab
  8. Sha`ban
  9. Ramadhan
  10. Shawwal
  11. Dhul Qi`dah
  12. Dhul Hujjah
The calendar is based on the movements of the phases of the moon so it does not correlate perfectly with the Gregorian calendar which is based on the sun. There are 354 days in the lunar year (as a pose to 364 days in the solar year) and the Islamic months tend to start 10/11 days earlier than the solar year before so the start of the month is always changing - if the month of Ramadhan last year started on the 11th of October, we should expect it to start on the 1st of October next year.

Islamic laws

Islamic rules, Islamic regulations (Islamic commandments that every Muslim should respect them.)


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